(I hope you'll forgive me if this is a bit meandering.)

I've not yet read the book Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World, but my vague understanding is that the general argument is about how exploring a wide range of fields is beneficial. I'm certainly biased, because I'm a person who is interested in a variety of different topics, so of course I'll love any argument saying that the way I naturally tend to do things is good/right/beneficial. Whether wide-ranging learning tends to have direct benefit is going to depend on the specific topics learned, but I do find that there are unexpected connections that are revealed only once you do some kind of cross-disciplinary study.

I strongly suspect that certain areas/subjects a more "transferable benefit rich" than others. As a silly example : I enjoy learning about history, but I've been able to use my elementary knowledge of social psychology and statistics in a much wider range of contexts than the various books I've read about the Opium Wars or about the Aztec perspective of the conquest of Mexico.

I also suspect that we can't really make a confident claim about how much a particular field will or won't contribute to another field if we haven't studied both. I assume that learning biology wouldn't contribute much to AI safety, but this ends up being an issue of "I don't see anything there, therefore I claim that nothing is there." So it is hard to claim which fields are 'worth' exploring if you haven't explored them yet. I vaguely remember reading something about a collaboration between professors of music and... something.^[1]

So I guess my non-expert answer to your question would be something like "some Effective Altruists should learn a wide range of subjects, but not all of them. Some subjects should be encouraged for cross-disciplinary study more than others. There is benefit to specialization, just like there is benefit to being a jack of all trades, but not everyone should specialize."

1. ^{^}

   Out of curiosity, I asked ChatGPT about the most successful cross-disciplinary collaborations, and was told about:

   • the human genome project (genetics, biology, computer science)

   • climate research (atmospheric science, ecology, economics, sociology, and policy-making)

   • translational medicine (basic science, clinical research, and healthcare delivery)

   • smart cities (urban planners, architects, engineers, computer scientists, economists, and policymakers)

I guess that depends on what their end goal is, but tbh learning new things outside your specialism is usually very useful because it expands knowledge of how things work. If the end goal is to make impact with technical AI research I'd say yes - particularly social sciences (which you mention in your post). A basic understanding of social sciences such as sociology, law, and economics are very useful for technical AI research because that research inevitably interacts with and relies upon human systems as well as technical systems. Additionally, technical AI work in industry requires interaction with a lot of those departments so it helps to deepen your ability to bridge and pitch ideas or concepts.

Some may well disagree, but that's the nature of opinions.